BASEIND (Basic Social and Economic Indicators) database provides data on 250 variables under 17 groups across 57 Organization of Islamic Countries (OIC) dating back to 1970. Try the new visualization tool (SESRIC Motion Chart).
Soon after the Six-Day War, Israel conducted a census of the Gaza Strip and West Bank. What turned out to be a critical moment in time and also the only census for another 30 years.
"DataFirst is a research unit at the University of Cape Town engaged in promoting the long term preservation and reuse of data from African Socioeconomic surveys."
These datasets from John Carey at Dartmouth include analysis of constitutions, legislative voting, elections in Latin America, and electoral system design.