The Chicago and Turabian styles are nearly identical.
Chicago Style originated at the University of Chicago Press and supports two documentation styles: Notes Bibliography, which is most commonly used by the arts and humanities and Author Date, most often used by the social sciences.
Kate Turabian developed her guide for students and researchers writing papers, theses, and dissertations. Her manual is based on the University of Chicago Press's Manual of Style and departs from it in few places. "Turabian" synthesizes the rules most important for students' papers and other scholarly research not intended for publication, and omits some of the publishing details and options that "Chicago" provides.
The Chicago Manual of Style
Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations by Notes:
Johan Pottier, Anthropology of food: the social dynamics of food security (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1999), 21-22.
Shortened notes:
Pottier, Anthropology of food: the social dynamics of food security, 21-22.
Bibliographic entry (in alphabetical order, using hanging indent)
Pottier, Johan. Anthropology of food: the social dynamics of food security. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1999.
Notes:
R. Kenji Tierney and Emiko Ohnuki-Tierney. Anthropology of food (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), 12.
Shortened notes:
Tierney and Ohnuki-Tierney, Anthropology of food, 12.
Bibliographic entry (in alphabetical order, using hanging indent)
Tierney, R. Kenji, and Emiko Ohnuki-Tierney. Anthropology of food. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.
Notes:
Billie DeWalt and David Barkin, “Mexico’s Two Green Revolutions: Feed for Food,” in Anthropology and Food Policy : Human Dimensions of Food Policy in Africa and Latin America, ed. Della E. McMillan (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1991), 167-95.
Shortened notes:
DeWalt, "Mexico's Two Green Revolutions," 167-95.
Bibliographic entry (in alphabetical order, using hanging indent)
DeWalt, Billie and David Barkin. “Mexico’s Two Green Revolutions: Feed for Food.” In Anthropology and Food Policy : Human Dimensions of Food Policy in Africa and Latin America, edited by Della E. McMillan, 167-95. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1991.
For books consulted online, include a URL or the name of the database. If no fixed page numbers are available, cite a section title or a chapter or other number in the notes, if any (or simply omit).
Notes:
Johan Pottier, Anthropology of food: the social dynamics of food security (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1999), chap. 3, https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/19991808011.
Shortened notes:
Pottier, Anthropology of food: the social dynamics of food security, chap. 3.
Bibliographic entry (in alphabetical order, using hanging indent)
Pottier, Johan. Anthropology of food: the social dynamics of food security. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1999. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/19991808011.
Notes:
Graeme MacRae, “Food Sovereignty and the Anthropology of Food: Ethnographic Approaches to Policy and Practice,” Anthropological Forum 26, no. 3 (2016): 227–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2016.1201456.
Shortened notes:
MacRae, “Food Sovereignty and the Anthropology of Food,” 227-32.
Bibliographic entry (in alphabetical order, using hanging indent)
MacRae, Graeme. “Food Sovereignty and the Anthropology of Food: Ethnographic Approaches to Policy and Practice.” Anthropological Forum 26, no. 3 (2016): 227–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2016.1201456.
Journal articles often list many authors. If there are three authors, name them all. If there are four or more authors, list up to ten in the bibliography; in a note, list only the first, followed by et al.. For more than ten authors, list the first seven in the bibliography, followed by et al.
Notes:
Katrina Holden, "Food brings people together," Herald Sun Australia, November 13, 2022, 12.
(If accessed online, convert the last period to a comma and add the URL or database name, followed by a period).
Shortened notes:
Holden, “Food,” 12.
Bibliographic entry (in alphabetical order, using hanging indent)
Holden, Katrina. "Food brings people together," Herald Sun Australia, November 13, 2022.
(If accessed online, add the URL or database name, followed by a period).
Notes:
“Culture, Cuisine, and the Anthropology of Food,” Semester at Sea, last modified March 23, 2012, https://www.semesteratsea.org/2012/03/23/culture-cuisine-and-the-anthropology-of-food/.
Shortened notes:
Semester at Sea, “Culture.”
Bibliographic entry (in alphabetical order, using hanging indent)
Semester at Sea. “Culture, Cuisine, and the Anthropology of Food.” Last modified March 23, 2012. https://www.semesteratsea.org/2012/03/23/culture-cuisine-and-the-anthropology-of-food/.
Reference list entry (in alphabetical order, using hanging indent)
Pottier, Johan. 1999. Anthropology of food: the social dynamics of food security. Cambridge: Polity Press.
In-text citations
(Pottier 1999, 12)
Reference list entry (in alphabetical order, using hanging indent)
Tierney, R. Kenji, and Emiko Ohnuki-Tierney. 2012. Anthropology of food. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
In-text citations
(Tierney and Ohnuki-Tierney 2012, 12)
Reference list entry (in alphabetical order, using hanging indent)
DeWalt, Billie and David Barkin. 1991.“Mexico’s Two Green Revolutions: Feed for Food.” In Anthropology and Food Policy : Human Dimensions of Food Policy in Africa and Latin America, edited by Della E. McMillan, 167-95. Athens: University of Georgia Press.
In-text citations
(DeWalt 1991, 177-78)
For books consulted online, include a URL or the name of the database. If no fixed page numbers are available, cite a section title or a chapter or other number in the notes, if any (or simply omit).
Reference list entry (in alphabetical order, using hanging indent)
Pottier, Johan. 1999. Anthropology of food: the social dynamics of food security. Cambridge: Polity Press. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/19991808011.
In-text citations
(Pottier 1999, chap. 3)
In the reference list, include the page range for the whole article. In the text, cite specific page numbers. For articles consulted online, include a URL or the name of the database in the reference list entry. Many journal articles list a DOI (Digital Object Identifier). A DOI forms a permanent URL that begins https://doi-org.ezproxy.centre.edu/. This URL is preferable to the URL that appears in your browser’s address bar.
Reference list entry (in alphabetical order, using hanging indent)
MacRae, Graeme. 2016. “Food Sovereignty and the Anthropology of Food: Ethnographic Approaches to Policy and Practice.” Anthropological Forum 26, no. 3 (Summer): 227–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2016.1201456.
In-text citations
(MacRae 2016, 228)
Journal articles often list many authors. If there are three authors, name them all. If there are four or more authors, list up to ten in the bibliography; in a note, list only the first, followed by et al.. For more than ten authors, list the first seven in the bibliography, followed by et al.
Reference list entry (in alphabetical order, using hanging indent)
Holden, Katrina. 2022. "Food brings people together," Herald Sun Australia, November 13, 2022.
(If accessed online, add the URL or database name, followed by a period).
In-text citations
(Holden 2022, 12)
Reference list entry (in alphabetical order, using hanging indent)
Semester at Sea. 2012. “Culture, Cuisine, and the Anthropology of Food.” Last modified March 23, 2012. https://www.semesteratsea.org/2012/03/23/culture-cuisine-and-the-anthropology-of-food/.
Or
Semester at Sea. n.d. “Culture, Cuisine, and the Anthropology of Food.” Accessed March 23, 2023. https://www.semesteratsea.org/2012/03/23/culture-cuisine-and-the-anthropology-of-food/.
In-text citations
(Semester at Sea 2012)
(Semester at Sea, n.d.)
